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Unité de transition collège/lycée
1 • Generations living together
Ch. 1
Food for joy, food for ploy
Ch. 2
No future? No way!
2 • Working worlds
Ch. 3
Working in Silicon Valley
Ch. 4
STEM women rock!
3 • Neighbourhoods, cities and villages
Ch. 5
Ticket to ride
Ch. 6
South Afri...cans
Ch. A
Dreaming city stories - Digital content only
Ch. num
Diners and Pubs
4 • Representation of self and relationships with others
Ch. 7
Fashion-able
Ch. 8
Look at me now!
Ch. B
Inking the future - Digital content only
5 • Sports and society
Ch. 9
Spirit in motion
Ch. 10
Athletic scholarship
6 • Creation and arts
Ch. 11
“You see but you don’t observe!”
Ch. 12
From silent to talkie
Ch. C
Copying or denouncing? - Digital content only
7 • Saving the planet, designing possible futures
Ch. 13
Young voices of change
Ch. 14
Biomimicry: a sustainable solution?
Ch. num
National Parks
8 • The past in the present
Ch. 15
Twisted tales
Ch. 16
The Royals
Ch. num
The Royals 2.0 "Family Business"
Ch. D
All Hallows' Eve - Digital content only
Ch. num
Spooky Scotland
Fiches méthode
Précis
Ch. 18
Précis culturel
Ch. 19
Précis de communication
Ch. 20
Précis phonologique
Ch. 21
Précis grammatical
Verbes irréguliers
Rabats
Révisions
Unit 14
Activity 1
Differentiation
Biomimicry breakthroughs
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Picture
Le zoom est accessible dans la version Premium.
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Burdock seeds / Velcro
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Text document
Michael Pawlyn, a British architect noted
for his work in the field of biomimetic architecture, thinks that through biomimicry we can
radically increase our resource usage efficiency.
Following his lead, let's take a look at some
examples of how biomimicry has been applied in
the real world:
Heat resistant vaccines: Tardigrades (micro-animals) can dry out for up to 120 years and then come back to life. They fully dehydrate when the environmental conditions are adverse, by entering into a standby process that protects the physical and chemical structures of their bodies. By studying this, the company Biomatrica created a product that maintains live vaccines without the need for refrigeration.
Shinkansen Bullet Train: one of the fastest trains in the world – it is able to travel up to 320 km/h. Unfortunately, because of the air pressure accumulation, the vehicle used to cause a great sonic boom each time it emerged from a tunnel. The imminent solution was later found in the kingfisher bird, an animal that is able to dive into water producing almost no splash at all. By simulating the bird form in the front of the train, the shotgun-like sound was solved, and not only this, the efficiency of the train was improved – 15% less energy use and 10% greater speed.
Blades and whales: Humpback whales are usually characterized by their size and great agility. The bumps or tubercles on the edge of their fins are one of the reasons these animals are so quick in the water. Inspired by this, Frank Fish, an appropriately named biology professor at Westchester University in Pennsylvania, added similar bumps to turbine blades and obtained great results: increased speed, reduction of noise and a boost of air power up to 20%.
Painless needles: have you ever noticed how the mosquito is able to suck blood without causing any pain? Well, a painless needle that mimics the mosquito has been built by Suman Chakraborty of the Indian Institute of Technology in Kharagpur and Kazuyoshi Tsuchiya of Tokai University in Kanagawa. The needle will be able to draw blood, inject drugs, and to check glucose level on diabetic patients.
Velcro: after going on a walk, George de Mestral, a Swiss engineer, realised how many burdock seeds had clung to his coat and to his dog fur. Inspired by this, he studied the seed structure and mechanism, imitated it and created velcro.
Heat resistant vaccines: Tardigrades (micro-animals) can dry out for up to 120 years and then come back to life. They fully dehydrate when the environmental conditions are adverse, by entering into a standby process that protects the physical and chemical structures of their bodies. By studying this, the company Biomatrica created a product that maintains live vaccines without the need for refrigeration.
Shinkansen Bullet Train: one of the fastest trains in the world – it is able to travel up to 320 km/h. Unfortunately, because of the air pressure accumulation, the vehicle used to cause a great sonic boom each time it emerged from a tunnel. The imminent solution was later found in the kingfisher bird, an animal that is able to dive into water producing almost no splash at all. By simulating the bird form in the front of the train, the shotgun-like sound was solved, and not only this, the efficiency of the train was improved – 15% less energy use and 10% greater speed.
Blades and whales: Humpback whales are usually characterized by their size and great agility. The bumps or tubercles on the edge of their fins are one of the reasons these animals are so quick in the water. Inspired by this, Frank Fish, an appropriately named biology professor at Westchester University in Pennsylvania, added similar bumps to turbine blades and obtained great results: increased speed, reduction of noise and a boost of air power up to 20%.
Painless needles: have you ever noticed how the mosquito is able to suck blood without causing any pain? Well, a painless needle that mimics the mosquito has been built by Suman Chakraborty of the Indian Institute of Technology in Kharagpur and Kazuyoshi Tsuchiya of Tokai University in Kanagawa. The needle will be able to draw blood, inject drugs, and to check glucose level on diabetic patients.
Velcro: after going on a walk, George de Mestral, a Swiss engineer, realised how many burdock seeds had clung to his coat and to his dog fur. Inspired by this, he studied the seed structure and mechanism, imitated it and created velcro.
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- astounding / tremendous (adj.)
- innovative / pioneering /ˌpaɪəˈnɪərɪŋ/ (adj.)
- innovation / advance (n.)
- be worth (v.)
- reduce ≠ increase (v.)
- revolutionize (U.S.) / revolutionise (G.B) (v.)
- save lives / heal / cure (v.)
- succeed in + V-ing / manage to + V /ˈmænɪdʒ/ (v.)
Toolbox
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Le suffixe -ion et ses dérivés
Lorsqu'on ajoute le suffixe -ion à un mot, l'accent tonique se place sur la syllabe avant -ion.Ex : refrigerate /rɪˈfrɪdʒəˌrεɪt/ → refrigeration /rɪˌfrɪdʒəˈrεɪʃən/, transport → transportation, accumulate → accumulation
• •
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Questions
Differentiation
Read the text.
Then, click on your path! or
Path A
1-A
For each green paragraph, answer the
questions: where, who, what, how and what for.2-A
Explain in your own words how biomimicry
has been applied in the real word.
3-A
According to you, which breakthrough is the
most striking? The least striking? Why?4-A
Find out more information about the architect
Michael Pawlyn and one of his recent projects.Useful vocabulary
The device was invented
by… in order to + V. Thanks to this…
Path B
1-B
For each purple paragraph, answer the
questions: where, who, what, how and what for.2-B
Explain in your own words how biomimicry
has been applied in the real word.3-B
According to you, which breakthrough is the
most striking? The least striking? Why?4-B
Find out more information about the architect
Michael Pawlyn and how he uses biomimicry.Useful vocabulary
It reproduces / imitates /
mimics… Without…, it would be impossible to...
Let's talk this out!
Pair work
Mediation
5
Which is the breakthrough which struck you the
most and its impact on the world? Why?6
What do you think of biomimicry so far? Useful vocabulary
The most striking invention is…
because it enables…
I find it astounding to know that…
because it enables…
I find it astounding to know that…
Your time to shine!
7
Labo de langues
Watch the and practise presenting breaking news:
“Scientists are working on bringing the magical land depicted
in the film Avatar closer to reality. An MIT team has taken a
critical first step towards making plants glow.”Enregistreur audio
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How To Be A Great News Reporter - Amazon Week
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L'expression de la capacité
- Observez les deux phrases soulignées dans le texte.
- Comment y exprime-t-on la capacité ? Quelle est la différence entre les deux ?
•
La dérivation
Radically, dehydrate, helpful, painless : Pour chaque mot, retrouvez le radical et sa nature puis observez la nature du mot dérivé. Qu'en concluez-vous ?•
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Spelling bee contest
Select five new words from this unit and get ready to spell them. Compete with your neighbour on the words you have selected.
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Over to you!
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